If you aren’t confident in your knowledge of one of the following subjects, go back to the relevant lesson in the course to give it a review.

• Studies have shown that bystander intervention can de-escalate situations, deter future incidents, and even prevent violence. Here’s a concrete example: Research by the National Crime Prevention Council found that a bystander’s intervention in a bullying situation can stop the bullying behavior up to 50% of the time.
• Workplace bullying could manifest through unfair treatment, withholding opportunities, or sabotaging someone’s work.
• The 5Ds framework provides a structured approach to bystander intervention these include the following:
  • Distract
  • Delegate
  • Document
  • Delay
  • Direct
• The Green Dot Model, also known as the Step Up! program, offers a proactive approach to bystander intervention, focusing on the power of positive actions to prevent bullying and violence. In this model, positive actions are represented as “Green Dots,” while instances of harm or violence are depicted as “Red Dots.”
• Maintaining a calm and composed demeanor is essential in de-escalating tense situations. Bystanders should strive to remain non-confrontational and avoid escalating conflict further through aggressive or hostile behavior.
• Assertive communication involves expressing oneself confidently and directly while respecting the rights and boundaries of others. Bystanders can use assertive communication techniques to intervene in situations by calmly but firmly addressing the behavior of both the target and the perpetrator.
• Direct intervention involves directly addressing the individuals involved in the situation, either by confronting the perpetrator, offering support to the target, or intervening physically if necessary.
• Following an incident, the most important thing you can do is acknowledge the target’s experience. Let them know you saw what happened and that you care. Here are some ways to phrase this:
  • “I saw what happened, and I want you to know that it wasn’t right.”
  • “That must have been really difficult for you. I’m here for you if you want to talk.”
  • “Are you okay? Is there anything I can do to help?”
• Workplaces often have anti-bullying policies, and incidents should be reported to supervisors or Human Resources departments. Moreover, online platforms typically offer reporting mechanisms for cyberbullying, allowing users to directly report incidents through designated tools.
• One technique for building resilience is cultivating a positive mindset and practicing gratitude. By focusing on the positive aspects of their lives and expressing gratitude for the things they appreciate, bystanders can shift their perspective and build resilience in the face of adversity.